MODEL OF STUDENTS’WORKBOOK BASED ON DAYAK LOCAL WISDOM FOR SMPN 4 AIR BESAR

AbstractThis research was to develop model of students’ workbook for junior high school based on Dayak’s local wisdom. The research participants were 24 students of second grade of SMPN 4 Air Besar. Designed through the implementation of ADDIE (Branch and Gagne 2009), the collected data revealed that the students were more interested in learning English. They looked happy to use the products. In the contextual analysis result and its validation, the materials development experts also recomend strongly that these products are more relevant to the needs of rural area students especially the dayak ones. With some feedbacks from the implementation, it was found that the students were much more active and creative in the learning process. Thus, this product is deserved to use as an alternative material for English subject at junior high school of rural areas.Keywords: local wisdom, modelof student’s workbook,  materia         development,rural area

Antidiabetic effect of fermented Pennisetum glaucum (millet) supplement in alloxan induced hyperglycemic wistar rats

Diabetes mellitus is a debilitating disease that is characterized clinically by hyperglycemia due to chronic and/or relative insulin insufficiency. The disease is associated with disturbance in lipid and protein metabolism. Pennisetum glaucum (PG) has been recommended for several therapeutic purposes as it has been shown to have high amount of magnesium which helps to increase the levels of adiponectin hormone but the hypoglycemic effect of millet as a supplement is yet to be fully elucidated. Therefore this research was designed to determine the effect of Pennisetum glaucum supplement on blood glucose level and serum lipid profile. Diabetes mellitus was induced by single intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of alloxan dissolved in 0.1ml fresh cold citrate buffer pH 4.5 at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight, after which the rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group 1 normoglycemic, Group 2 Diabetic untreated, Group 3 Diabetic treated with 1 mg/kg of Glibenclamide (GB). Group 4 Diabetic treated with 33%w/v P.G. supplement, Group 5 Diabetic treated with 66% P.G. supplement. When compared with the diabetic control, the study revealed a significant decrease (p>0.05) in blood glucose level at both 33%w/v and 66% w/v P.G. supplementation. It also showed that P.G. at both 33% and 66% supplement was able to lower Triglycerides and LDL serum levels as well increase HDL serum levels although not statistically significant, but significantly restored HDL/Cholesterol and Triglycerides/HDL ratios to normal physiological range. Pennisetum glaucum supplementation showed high hypoglycemic effect and also hypolipidemic property in alloxan induced hyperglycemic wistar rats.Keywords: Pennisetum glaucum, hypolipidemia, hyperglycemi

Effects of Senna occidentalis leaf supplement on blood glucose level, liver enzymes and total protein in alloxan-induced diabetic wistar rats

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non communicable diseases around the world and is responsible for many deaths resulting from some of its serious complications. Senna occidentalis Linn. is extensively being used in folklore medicine to cure and/or manage many disease conditions, although its adequate validation as therapeutic (specifically anti-diabetic and hepatoprotective) effects has not been established. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of Senna occidentalis leaf supplement on blood glucose level, liver enzymes and total protein in alloxan-induced diabetic wistar rats. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg/kg). Thereafter the rats were fed with Senna occidentalis leaf supplement at doses of 12.5%, 25% and 50% .Also Glibenclamide was used as a standard drug (2 mg/kg ) as positive control and diabetic control received distilled water as negative control. Blood glucose levels were measured at day 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16. The liver enzymes and total protein were also determined using the serum and histopathological studies of the pancreas and liver were conducted. Quantitative phytochemical screening revealed that the supplement has high amount of phytoconstitutuents like total phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and alkaloids, which have a percentage composition of 20%, 10.80%, 15%, 0.55% and 7.20%, respectively. Blood glucose levels of all animals treated with the supplement were reduced significantly (p<0.05) by about 82.13%, 88.36 and 81.78% respectively when compared with that of the untreated diabetic control group. There was also an increase in the total protein (p< 0.05) to 90.98 ± 6.02, 73.72 ± 3.02 and 92.23 ± 4.01, respectively in comparison to that of the untreated diabetic group having 69.04 ± 3.59; and hepatotoxicity due to the observed increase in the activities of all the liver enzymes as well as hepatocellular necrosis, sinusoidal congestion and hemorrhage as revealed in the histopathological studies of the liver. This study shows that S. occidentalis leaf supplement has potent hypoglycemic effect due to its high content of active principles that possess strong and potent insulinomimetic and β-cell regenerating potential as depicted by the histopathological studies of the pancreatic tissue, even though, some cytotoxic agents like the cytotoxic saponins may be present in the supplement which is capable of causing damage to both pancreas and liver . These findings prove its use in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes but with caution due to its probable potential to induce hepatotoxicity.Keywords: Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Hepatotoxicity, Phytoconstitutuents, Insulinomimetic, Senna occidentali

A Model Of Reading Materials For Public Health Students, Faculty Of Health Sciences, Muhammadiyah University Of Pontianak

Teaching reading for specific purposes requires proper teaching and learning materials as the materials play significant roles in teaching process. The present, reading materials for Public Health students of Muhammadiyah University of Pontianak are still very far from students' need. This study aimed at developing a model of reading materials for Public Health students. Using a development study of ADDIE instructional design of Dick and Carrey, twenty five second semester students of Health Sciences Faculty, Muhammadiyah University of Pontianak, participated in this study. The results revealed that the reading materials that were developed in ADDIE model were accepted by both experts and the students. The materials aligned to the learning aims, covered the student-centered activity, Public Health topic, easy to difficult vocabulary level, student-centered activity and glossary study, and provided in graded and assorted tasks. It is highly expected that this study will encourage the lecturers of English subject to be more active in developing qualified teaching materials as both lecturers and students will be helpful and facilitative with the product

Effects of fermented soya bean supplements on lipid profile and oxidative stress biomarkers in high fat diet-induced Type 2 diabetes mellitus in rabbits

Background: High fat diets are known to increase body weight and fat mass, induce alterations in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, leading to insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of fermented soya bean supplements on lipid profile and oxidative stress biomarkers in high fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in rabbits.Methods: Twenty rabbits weighing between 1kg – 2kg were used for the study. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced by feeding the animals with high fat diet (2% cholesterol, 20% groundnut meal, 10% groundnut oil) for eight weeks. Rabbits having fasting blood glucose levels of 7.2 mmol/L (130mg/dL) and above after the induction period were selected for the study. The animals were grouped into four groups of five rabbits each: Group 1 (diabetic control), received distilled water ad libitum for six weeks; groups 2, 3 and 4 (diabetic rabbits) were fed with 12.5%, 25% and 50% fermented soya bean supplements respectively for six weeks. Thereafter, the rabbits were sacrificed and blood samples obtained for analyses. Data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: There was a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in triglyceride and LDL concentrations in the group fed 50% fermented soya bean supplements and a significant increase in HDL levels (p ≤ 0.05) in all the fermented soya bean supplemented groups when compared with the diabetic control group. The result also showed a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in malondialdehyde concentration in all the treated groups when compared with the control group. Superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased in the group fed 12.5% and 25% fermented soya bean supplements while catalase was significantly decreased in the group fed 12.5% fermented soya bean supplement when compared with the control group.Conclusion: Fermented soya bean supplements decreased lipid profile and improved antioxidant activities in diabetic rabbits and may prove beneficial in the management of hyperlipidaemia and oxidative stress in diabetic patients.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, fermented soya beans, high fat diet, hyperlipidaemia, lipid profile, oxidative stress biomarker

PREVENTING HITS DURING TRADING PEERS TRANSMISSION IN SOCIAL MEDIA

Most existing work, which focuses on social systems and reliable certification, is not in a position to prevent Sybil attack peers from doing transactions. The aim of trust systems is to make sure that honest peers are precisely recognized as reliable and Sybil peers as untrustworthy. Within our approach, duplicated Sybil attack peers could be recognized as the neighbor peers become acquainted and therefore more reliable to one another. The attacks occur during interactions between your buying and selling peers like a transaction happens. Within this paper, we advise how you can address Sybil attack, an energetic attack, by which peers might have bogus and multiple identities to fake their owns. Peer to see (P2P) e-commerce applications exist close to the web with vulnerabilities to passive and active attacks. These attacks have pressed away potential business firms and people whose aim is for the greatest benefit in e-commerce with minimal losses. Our work exploits the neighbor similarity trust relationship to deal with Sybil attack. Security and gratification analysis implies that Sybil attack could be minimized by our suggested neighbor similarity trust

Asupan Gizi dan Mengantuk pada Mahasiswa

Nutrient and energy intake, nutrition status, and daily activity could give impact for sleepiness problem. Sleepiness related to the decreasing of cognitive ability that caused by iron deficiency. A person who feels sleepy will have a lack of physical activities that lead to overweight and therefore has a higher risk to suffer degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular and diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to analyze dominant factor that can give influence to sleepiness problem among students. The cross sectional research used 139 students of Faculty of Public Health University of Indonesia. The percentage of students who is almost sleepy was 28,80%. This research showed the association between sleep duration and somnolence problem is significant (p value = 0,048). Students with sleep duration < 8 hours a day could be 0,50 times more sleepy than students with sleep duration ³ 8 hours a day. The dominant factor is sleep duration after controlled by protein and fat intake, physical activity, and media exposure. Students that frequently feels sleepy indicated low iron intake so that suggested to increase the iron intake through consuming heme contained food